Which statement correctly describes the input and output characteristics of an inverter?

Inverters are electronic devices that convert a given input signal into an output signal that is the opposite, or inverse, of that input. This means that if the input is high (often represented as a logical 1), the output will be low (logical 0), and vice versa. This is a fundamental characteristic of inverters, as they function specifically to provide logic inversion.

The nature of an inverter's operation is such that it inherently produces outputs that are in opposition to its inputs, regardless of whether the inputs come from a single signal or multiple signals (as in the case of some complex inverter circuits). Therefore, the correct statement highlights the core functional principle of an inverter.

While it is true that inverters can have multiple inputs, this does not define their core behavior as accurately as stating that their inputs and outputs are in opposition. Additionally, the notions that input and output characteristics are always equal or in the same state are incorrect reflections of an inverter's behavior, as these would contradict the fundamental principle of inversion that defines how inverters operate.