Which of the following best describes the binary numbering system?

The binary numbering system is defined as operating in Base 2. In this system, only two digits are used: 0 and 1. This binary format is fundamental to how computers and digital systems represent information, as it corresponds to the two states of an electrical signal—typically off (0) and on (1). Each digit in a binary number is a power of 2, and understanding this system is essential for working with digital electronics.

The other descriptions do not accurately define the binary numbering system. For instance, Base 10 refers to the decimal system, which uses digits 0 through 9. The mention of digits 0 through 7 describes the octal system, which is Base 8. The incorporation of both negative and positive digits suggests the context of signed numbers but does not pertain to the definition of binary itself. Binary can represent negative numbers when using specific formats like two's complement, but the core definition remains focused on its base and the digits it employs.