What does the term IR drop refer to?

The term IR drop specifically refers to the reduction in voltage that occurs when current flows through a resistance within a circuit. This phenomenon is governed by Ohm's Law, which states that the voltage drop (V) across a resistor is equal to the current (I) flowing through it multiplied by the resistance (R), expressed as V = I × R. This voltage drop is significant in electrical systems, particularly in longer circuits or those with high current flows, as it can affect the performance of the components being powered. Therefore, acknowledging the IR drop is crucial when designing circuits to ensure that the correct voltage reaches the devices intended to operate at a specific voltage level. Proper management of IR drop is essential for maintaining the efficiency and reliability of electronic systems.